Linux Programming and Cloud Computing Practice MCQs

Question 1

Strictly speaking, what does the name "Linux" refer to?

Accepted Answer

D. The kernel first released by Linus Torvalds in 1991

Answer

A complete operating system written entirely by Linus Torvalds

Answer

The shell, compiler and utilities produced by the GNU project

Answer

A commercial UNIX version licensed by AT&T Bell Labs

Answer

The kernel first released by Linus Torvalds in 1991

Question 2

In 1973 UNIX was largely rewritten in the C language. What was the main benefit of this rewrite?

Accepted Answer

D. UNIX could be ported to other hardware far more easily

Answer

UNIX became free software protected by the GPL

Answer

UNIX gained its first graphical user interface

Answer

UNIX changed from a multi-user to a single-user design

Answer

UNIX could be ported to other hardware far more easily

Question 3

By 1991 the GNU project had produced most parts of a free Unix-like system. Which essential component was still not ready, leaving the gap that Linux filled?

Accepted Answer

C. A finished, usable kernel

Answer

A command shell such as bash

Answer

A C compiler such as GCC

Answer

A finished, usable kernel

Answer

A C library such as glibc

Question 4

A company modifies a GPL-licensed log-analysis tool and uses the modified version only on its own internal servers. It never gives the program to anyone outside the company. What does the GPL require?

Accepted Answer

A. Nothing extra, because the GPL obligations apply on distribution

Answer

Nothing extra, because the GPL obligations apply on distribution

Answer

It must publish the modified source code on a public website

Answer

It must relicense the modified tool under the MIT licence

Answer

It must send all of its changes back to the original authors

Question 5

A vendor sells a network appliance that ships with a modified GPL program. Which statement about the vendor's obligations is correct?

Accepted Answer

D. It may charge money, but must offer buyers the corresponding source under the GPL

Answer

It may not charge any money, because GPL software must be given away free

Answer

It may keep the source secret as long as it ships the program only in binary form

Answer

It must also release the source of every unrelated program on the appliance

Answer

It may charge money, but must offer buyers the corresponding source under the GPL

Question 6

A startup wants to copy and modify a library's source code inside its closed-source product and distribute only binaries, without releasing any source code. Under which licence is this allowed?

Accepted Answer

C. MIT licence

Answer

GPL version 2

Answer

GPL version 3

Answer

MIT licence

Answer

LGPL

Question 7

An administrator who has always used Ubuntu starts managing Rocky Linux servers. Which package-management tool should they expect to use on Rocky Linux?

Accepted Answer

C. dnf

Answer

pacman

Answer

zypper

Answer

dnf

Answer

apt

Question 8

On a Linux server, the program sshd runs continuously in the background, waiting to accept remote logins. What is such a background service process called?

Accepted Answer

B. A daemon

Answer

A loadable kernel module

Answer

A daemon

Answer

A system call

Answer

A login shell

Question 9

Which command prints only the release of the running kernel, for example 6.8.0-45-generic?

Accepted Answer

A. uname -r

Answer

uname -r

Answer

cat /etc/os-release

Answer

echo $SHELL

Answer

lsmod

Question 10

Where does the bash shell run in the Linux architecture?

Accepted Answer

C. In user space, as an ordinary program that uses system calls

Answer

In kernel space, as part of the process scheduler

Answer

In the firmware, before the kernel has been loaded

Answer

In user space, as an ordinary program that uses system calls

Answer

In kernel space, as a loadable kernel module

Question 11

A C program calls printf("hello
"). Which statement about this call is accurate?

Accepted Answer

B. printf is a C library function that formats text and then calls write()

Answer

printf is itself a system call that runs entirely in kernel mode

Answer

printf is a C library function that formats text and then calls write()

Answer

printf sends the text straight to the terminal hardware from user mode

Answer

printf is a bash built-in that the C program borrows from the shell

Question 12

When a program calls the read() wrapper in glibc, what actually switches the CPU from user mode to kernel mode?

Accepted Answer

C. A trap instruction such as syscall executed by the wrapper

Answer

The ordinary function call from the program into glibc

Answer

The creation of a new process with fork()

Answer

A trap instruction such as syscall executed by the wrapper

Answer

The shell changing the prompt character from $ to #

Question 13

In this C fragment, the child's execlp() call succeeds:

```bash
pid_t pid = fork();
if (pid == 0) {
    execlp("echo", "echo", "hi", (char *)NULL);
    perror("execlp");
    return 1;
}
```

What happens to the perror("execlp") line in the child?

Accepted Answer

C. It never runs, because exec replaced the child's program image

Answer

It runs after echo finishes printing hi

Answer

It runs in the parent process instead of the child

Answer

It never runs, because exec replaced the child's program image

Answer

It runs only if the parent's waitpid() call fails

Question 14

What value does a successful fork() call return inside the newly created child process?

Accepted Answer

A. 0

Answer

0

Answer

The child's own process ID

Answer

The parent's process ID

Answer

-1

Question 15

Which statement correctly describes the design of the Linux kernel?

Accepted Answer

C. A monolithic kernel whose drivers can be loaded at run time as modules

Answer

A microkernel in which drivers run as user-space servers, like MINIX

Answer

A microkernel derived directly from the GNU Hurd source code

Answer

A monolithic kernel whose drivers can be loaded at run time as modules

Answer

A monolithic kernel that cannot be changed without reinstalling the OS

Linux Programming and Cloud Computing Practice MCQs

Linux Programming and Cloud Computing Free MCQs

Strictly speaking, what does the name "Linux" refer to?

In 1973 UNIX was largely rewritten in the C language. What was the main benefit of this rewrite?

By 1991 the GNU project had produced most parts of a free Unix-like system. Which essential component was still not ready, leaving the gap that Linux filled?

A company modifies a GPL-licensed log-analysis tool and uses the modified version only on its own internal servers. It never gives the program to anyone outside the company. What does the GPL require?

A vendor sells a network appliance that ships with a modified GPL program. Which statement about the vendor's obligations is correct?

A startup wants to copy and modify a library's source code inside its closed-source product and distribute only binaries, without releasing any source code. Under which licence is this allowed?

An administrator who has always used Ubuntu starts managing Rocky Linux servers. Which package-management tool should they expect to use on Rocky Linux?

On a Linux server, the program sshd runs continuously in the background, waiting to accept remote logins. What is such a background service process called?

Which command prints only the release of the running kernel, for example 6.8.0-45-generic?

Where does the bash shell run in the Linux architecture?

A C program calls printf("hello\n"). Which statement about this call is accurate?

When a program calls the read() wrapper in glibc, what actually switches the CPU from user mode to kernel mode?

In this C fragment, the child's execlp() call succeeds: ```bash pid_t pid = fork(); if (pid == 0) { execlp("echo", "echo", "hi", (char *)NULL); perror("execlp"); return 1; } ``` What happens to the perror("execlp") line in the child?

What value does a successful fork() call return inside the newly created child process?

Which statement correctly describes the design of the Linux kernel?

The system calls fork(), exec() and wait() belong to which category?

Which command shows the manual page for the write system call, rather than the user command of the same name?

Which of these operations is a privileged instruction that may be executed only in kernel mode?

A team is preparing Linux machines to run a database. Why are such servers usually installed without a graphical desktop?

A buggy user program tries to write directly into memory that belongs to the kernel. What normally happens?

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